下面是小编为大家整理的2020年贸易概况（范文推荐）,供大家参考。
I n t r o duc t i on 2T ec hn ic a l no t e s 3T r ade pr o fi l e s 5A c k no wle dg e m e n t s 400
I n t r o duc t i o nT r a d e P r o fi l e s con t a i n d e t a il e d i n f o r m a t i o n o nm e r c h a n d i s e t r a d e fl o w s , i n c l u d i n g t o p p r o d u ct st r a d e d b y ea c h e con om y , a n e x p a n d e d s e ct i o n o nt r a d e i n co mm e r c i a l s e r v i c e s , a s w e ll a s s t a t i s t i c so n i n t e ll e ct u a l p r o p e r t y . T h e i n f o r m a t i o n , a v a il a b l ef o r W T O m e m b e r s , o b s e r v e r s , a n d o t h e r s e l e ct e de con om i e s , i s d e r i v e d f r om m u lt i p l e d om a i n s , su c ha s c u s t om s s t a t i s t i c s , n a t i o n a l a c coun t s , B a l a n c eo f P a y m e n t s s t a t i s t i c s , F o r e i g n A f fi li a T e s S t a t i s t i c s( F A T S ) , a n d i n d u s t r i a l p r o p e r t y s t a t i s t i c s . D a t aa r e s o u r c e d f r om W T O Se c r e t a r i a t a n d e x t e r n a ls o u r c e s a n d p r e s e n t e d i n s t a n d a r d i z e d a n dv i su a li z e d f o r m a t f o r qu i c k r e f e r e n c e .I. T he fi r s t s e ct i o n p r o v i d e s a s n a p s h o tof t he im p o r t a n c e of t r a d e in t hee c o n o m y - t he e c o n o m y ’ s r a nkin g inw o rl d mer c h a n d i s e t r a d e a n d t r a d e inc o mm erci a l s er v i c e s .II. T he seco n d sec t i o n i s d ed i c a t edt o M erch a n d is e T r a d e in d i c a t o r s( c u s t o ms - b a s e d s t a t is t i c s) - in fo rma t io no n t o t a l t r a d e fl o w s b r o ken d o w n b yb ro a d pro d uc t c a t e gor y a n d m a j oro r ig in s a n d d e s t in a t io n s . T h is s e ct io np r o v i d e s s t a t i s t i c s o n t o p e x p o r t e da n d im p o r t e d a gr i c ul t ur a l a n d n o n-a g ri c ul t ur a l p r o d u ct s a t t he HS 4 - d i g i tlevel a cc o r d in g t o t he d e fi ni t i o n s of t heW T O A g reemen t o n A g ri c ul t ure a n dW T O No n - A g ri c ul t ur a l M a rke t A cc e ss( N A M A p r o d u ct s ).III. T he t hir d s e ct i o n d e a l s w i t h T r a d ein C o mm erci a l S er v i c e s - in fo rma t io n o nt o t a l t r a d e fl o w s ( B a l a n c e of P a y men t sb a s e d s t a t i s t i c s) b r o ken d o w n b y m a ins er v i c e i t em a n d m a j o r o ri g in s a n dd e s t in a t io n s . I t a l s o c o n t a in s in fo rma t io no n in w a r d a n d o u t w a r d F A T S s a le s .T h is s e ct io n p r o v i d e s d e t a ile d t r a d es t a t i s t i c s fo r t r a n s p o r t , in c lu d in g i t sb re a k d o w n b y m o d e of t r a n s p o r t , t r ave l ,o t her c o mm erci a l s er v i c e s a n d g oods -rela t e d s er v i c e s .IV. T he fo ur t h a n d l a s t s e ct i o n c o ve r sI n d u st ri a l Pr ope r t y I n d i c a t o r s - a nnu a lnum b er of a pp li c a t i o n s fo r p a t en t s ,t r a d em a rk s , a n d in d u s t ri a l d e s i g n s in t hen a me of re s i d en t s a n d n o n - re s i d en t s oft he rep o r t in g e c o n o m y .
3T e c hn i c a l not esR a nks i n wo r l d t r a d e o fm e r c h an d i s e an d c o mm e r c ia lser v i ce s a re d e fi ne d fi r s t re f errin gt o E ur o p e a n U ni o n ( E U) mem b er s a sin d i v i d u a l t r a d er s a n d s e c o n d r ef errin gt o t he E U a s o ne t r a d er ( i . e . e x c lu d in gin d i v i d u a l E U mem b er s ).Me rc han d i s e t r ad e( c us t o ms- b asedst a t i st ic s )T h e shar e i n wo r l d t o t al e x p o r t sa nd i mp o r t s o f m e r c ha nd i s e fo rin d i v i d u a l e c o n o mie s i s c a l c ul a t e d u s in gw o rl d t r a d e in c lu d in g in t r a - E U t r a d e . F o rt he E U a s o ne t r a d in g re p o r t er t he s h a rei s c a l c ul a t e d o n t he b a s i s of w o rl d t r a d ee x c lu d in g in t r a - E U t r a d e .B r e ak d o wn b y m ai n c o mm o d i tygr o up a cc o r d in g t o t he d e fi ni t i o n sc o n t a ine d in t he W T O W o rl d T r a d eS t a t i s t i c a l R ev ie w 2020 .A g r ic u lt ura l p r o du c t s re f er t o foo d( S I T C R ev . 3 s e ct i o n s 0 , 1 , 4 a n dd i v i s i o n 22 ) a n d r a w m a t eri a l s ( S I T CR ev . 3 d i v i s i o n s 21 , 23 , 24 , 25 a n d 26 ).I t d i ff er s fr o m t he d e fi ni t io n c o n t a ine din t he W T O A g reemen t o n A g ri c ul t ure(A o A) (s ee b el o w ).F u e l s a nd m i n i ng p r o du c t s in c lu d eo re s a n d o t her miner a l s ; f uel s a n d n o n -f er rous me t a ls .M a nu f a c t ur e s re f er t o ir o n a n d s t eel ,ch emi c a l s , o t her s emi -ma nu f a ct ure s ,m a c hiner y a n d t r a n s p o r t e q ui p men t ,t e x t ile s , c l o t hin g a n d o t her c o n s umerg oo d s . Ple a s e n o t e t h a t d ue t o t hep r o d u ct s n o t c l a ss i fi e d in t he t hree m a inp r o d u ct g r o u p s , t he s um of s h a re s m a yn o t a dd u p t o a 100 .B r e ak d o wn b y m ai n d e s t i n a t i o na nd o r i g i n : E U mem b er s a re g r o u p e da s o ne t r a d in g p a r t ner . Re - im p o r t s a rea l so in c lu d ed .A g r i c u l t u r al P r o du c t s , T o pe x p o r t e d p r o du c t s a nd T o pi mpor te d p r o du c t s a re t he t o p fi vet r a d e d a g ri c ul t ur a l g oo d s of a n e c o n o m ya t t he HS 4 - d i g i t level . A cc o r d in g t o t hed e fi ni t i o n of t he W T O A g reemen t o nA g ri cu lt ure (A o A) , a g ri cu lt ur a l goo d sre f er t o HS c h a p t er s 1 t o 24 ( e x c lu d in gfis h a n d fis h p r o d u ct s) a n d a num b er ofm a nu f ac t ure d a g ri c ul t ur a l p r odu c ts ( fo rf ur t her in fo rm a t i o n s ee “ T he Le g a l T e x t s ,T he Re s ul t s of t he U ru g u a y R o un dof M ul t il a t er a l N e g o t i a t i o n s ” , W T O ).T hi s d e fi ni t i o n d o e s n o t c o rre s p o n d t ot he d e fi ni t i o n of a g ri c ul t ur a l p r o d u ct sp re s en t e d in t he b re a k d o w n ofm erch a n d is e t r a d e b y main c o mm o d i t yg r o u p (s ee a b o ve).N o n - A g r i c u l t u r al P r o du c t s , T o pe x p o r t e d p r o du c t s a nd T o pi mpor te d p r o du c t s ( N A M A p r o d u ct s)a re t he t o p fi ve n o n - a g ri c ul t ur a l g oo d sof a n e c o n o m y a t t he HS 4 - d i g i t level .No n - a g ri c ul t ur a l g oo d s re f er t o t hep r o d u ct s n o t c o ve re d b y t he W T OA g reemen t o n A g ri c ul t ure.T r a d e i n C o mm e r ci a lS er v ic e s ( Ba l a nc eo f P a y m e n t s b as e dst a t i st ic s )C o mm e r c i al s e r v i c e s eq u a l t o t a ls er v i c e s minu s “ g o ve rnmen t g oo d s a n ds er v i c e s , n o t in c l ud e d el s e w here ” .T h e shar e o f c o mm e r c i al s e r v i c e si n wo r l d t o t al e x p o r t s a nd i n wo r l dtot a l i mpor t s fo r in d i v i d u a l e c o n o mie si s c a l c ul a t e d u s in g w o rl d t r a d e in c lu d in gin t r a - E U t r a d e . F o r t he E U a s o net r a d in g re p o r t er t he s h a re i s c a l c ul a t e do n t he b a s i s of w o rl d t r a d e e x c lu d in gin tr a - E U tr a d e .T h e b r e ak d o wn b y m ai n s e r v i c e sit e m fo ll o w s t he d e fi ni t i o n of t he 6t he d i t i o n of t he I M F B a l a n c e of P a y men t sM a nu a l ( B P M 6 ).Tr a nsp o r t c o ve r s e a , a ir a n d o t herin c lu d in g l a n d , in t ernal w a t er w a y ,spa c e an d p i pe line t ran spo r t s er vic e st h a t a re p er fo rme d b y re s i d en t s of o nee c o n o m y fo r t h o s e of a n o t her a n d t h a tin v o l ve t he c a rri a g e of p a ss en g er s ,t he m o ve men t of g oo d s ( f rei g h t ) ,ren t a l s ( c h a r t er s) of c a rrier s w i t h c re w ,a n d rel a t e d s u pp o r t in g a n d a u x ili a r yse r v i c e s , in c lu d in g p ost a l a n d c o uriers er v i c e s . Ple a s e n o t e t h a t d ue t o p o s t a la n d c o urier s er v i c e s n o t c l a ss i fi e d in t heb re a k d o w n b y m o d e of t r a n s p o r t , t hes um of s h a re s m a y n o t a dd u p t o a 100 .G e n e r al N o t e sM in o r d is crep a n ci e s b e t w eenc o n s t i t uen t fi g ure s a n d t o t a l s a red ue t o r o un d in g .A nnual a v er a g e p erc en t a g ec h a n g e s a re c a l c ul a t e d u s in g ag e o me t ri c ave r a g e . I n c a s e of d a t aun a v a il a b ili t y fo r t he yea r 2019 , t hea v er a g e a nnual p erc en t a g e ch a n g e2010 - 2019 re f er s t o 2010 - l a t e s ta v a il a b le yea r .Un le ss o t her wi se in d i c a t ed ,(i) a ll v a lue fi g ure s a re e x p re ss e din U . S . d o ll a r s ;(ii) t r a d e fi g ure s in c lu d e t hein t r a - t r a d e of f ree t r a d e a re a s ,c u s t o ms un io n s , g e og r a p hi c a la n d o t her gro u p s ;(iii) m erch a n d is e t r a d e fi g ure s a reo n a c u s t o ms b a sis ;(iv) mer c h a n d i s e e x p o r t s a re f . o . b .a n d mer c han d i s e i mpor t sa re c . i . f .(v) E ur o p e a n U ni o n re f er s t o t hel a t e s t mem b er c o m p o s i t i o n a s of1 F e b ru a r y 2020 ( e x c lu d in g t heU ni t e d Kin gd o m ).D a t a fo r t he l a t e s t yea ra re p r o v isio n a l .T he s t a t i s t i c a l d a t a in t hi sp u bl i c a t io n a re su pp lie d b y a n dun d er t he re s p o n s i b ili t y of t herel eva n t s t a t i s t i c a l a u t h o ri t ie s . T heu s e of s u c h d a t a b y t he W T O i sw i t h o u t p reju d i c e t o t he s t a t u s ofo r s o ve rei g n t y o ve r a n y t erri t o r y , o rt o t he d elimi t a t io n of in t ern a t io n a lf r o n t ier s an d b o un dar ie s .D ue t o limi t a t i o n s in d a t a a v a il a b ili t y ,t he d a t a fo r “ b re a k d o w n b y m a inc ommo d i t y g ro u p ” , “ b re a k do w nb y m a in d e s t in a t i o n a n d o ri g in ”a n d “ t o p t r a d e d p r o d u ct s ” m a yb e le ss re c en t t h a n d a t a fo r t o t a lm erch a n d is e t r a d e.Comments and enquiries on thisbooklet should be addressed tostatistics@wto.orgClosing date: 14 A ugust 2020.
Tr a v e l c o ve r s t he g oo d s a n d s er v i c e sa c q uire d b y a t r ave ller w hile o u t s i d et he...